Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-19-2023
Department 1
Political Science
Abstract
One of the established trends in religion and international relations (IR) scholarship is the awareness of a rising level of religious discrimination against minorities. Although there is variation in rates, religious restrictions are widely observed across the globe, including in Western democracies. Scholarship on the restrictions on religious practices has advanced through seeking answers to the following questions: Who discriminates? Who is discriminated against more? What are the causes of restrictions on religious freedom? What are the forms of discrimination? The purpose of this article is to connect the theories and findings of two religious discrimination studies of IR via the graphic method of systemism. Featured works engage with religious discrimination in a sub-group of states—Western democracies and those with a Christian majority. While one study focused on government-based restrictions, the other one engaged with societal ones. Collectively, these works revealed the fragility of freedom and the importance of understanding the mechanisms that protect it.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
DOI
10.3390/socsci12090522
Version
Version of Record
Recommended Citation
Akbaba, Yasemin. 2023. "Religious Discrimination against Minorities: Theories and Findings" Social Sciences 12, no. 9: 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12090522
Required Publisher's Statement
This article is available from the publisher’s website.